Baker&#39;s oven.



l PATBNTBD MAY 14, 1907.

W. TANK. BAKBRS OVEN.

:A PILIUATION FILED NOV. 28. 19.06.

s emma-SHEET z.

563m; Q Z 5c i' @htm/nag rus Naam; PETERS Co.. wss-mueran, n. c

No, 853,748. PATBNTBD MAY 14, 1907.

A fvvTANK. W- BAKBR'S OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 28.1906.

a SHEETS-amm s; l

, wnnoz Wi h1 asado THE Noma/s P51535 cm. wasnmnmm D. s;

WILLIAM TANK, OF NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA.

" BAKERS OVEN.

Speceaton of Letters Patent,

Patented May 14, 1907.

Application filed November 28,1906. Serial No. 345,425.

To U/Z whom/ zit may concern."

Be it known that I, WILLIAM TANK, a citi- Zen of the United States,residing at New Orleans, in the parish of Orleans and State ofLouisiana, have invented new and useful Improvements in Bakers Ovens, ofwhich the following is a specification.

My invention pertains to ovens and more particularly to bakers ovens,and it hasfor one of its objects to provide in an oven a furnace havinga plurality of linings of fire-clay or other fire-resisting orfire-proof material, this being advantageous for the reason that whenthe innermost lining is burned out ,or broken or otherwise impaired,said innermost lining may be torn out and the furnace used with theother lining or linings, thus obviating the necessity of tearing downand rebuilding the oven after a short period of use, and the loss oftime and production incident thereto.

Another object of the invention is the provision in a bakers oven, of aconstruction for efficiently disseminating heat under the baking surfaceand chamber with a view of uniformly heating said surface and chamberand avoiding undue heating of the same at the center, as frequentlyoccurs with the result that the bread or other substance being baked atsuch point is burned.

Other objects and advantages ofthe invention will be fully understoodfrom the following description and claims when the same are read inconnection with the accompanying drawings, forming part of thisspecification, in which:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal, vertical section of the bakers ovenconstituting the present and preferred embodiment of my invention. Fig.2 is a transverse section of the oven taken in a plane extending throughthe fur-v nace or iire boX. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on a reducedscale illustrating the passages intermediate the lower and upperlongitudinal flues of the oven. Fig. 4 is a vertical cross-section takenin the plane indicated by the line 4-4 of F ig.A I.

Similar letters designate corresponding parts in all. of the views ofthe drawings, referring to which:

A is the base of my novel bakers oven, which is preferably, though notnecessarily, of concrete.

B is the ash pit of the oven, and O is the furnace or fire boX which hasa mouth a formed by a metallic frame and also has a grate made up,ebypreference, .of a transverse metallic bar b, longitudinal, spaced bars cremovably arranged on the bar b and the hre-clay section d at the backof the ashpit, and a section e, of fire-clay or other refractorymaterial, removably arranged on the frame a and the bar b. The removablespaced bars c and refractory section e are obviously susceptible ofbeing readily replaced with new parts when burned out or broken.

In addition to the mouth c and the grate, the furnaceor fire-box O isprovided with an innerlining D 1 of fire-clay or other refractory orfire-resisting material, and an outer lining resisting material. Theouter lining E eX- and rearward over, under and at the sides of thelongitudinal-central combustion chamber F which extends rearward fromfurnace or fire-box O, while the inner lining D rests in the furnace orfire-box O alone, and on the shoulders f with which the outer lining Eis provided. Thus it will be apparent that when the inner lining D isburned, broken or otherwise impaired it may be readily broken andremoved without the necessity of tearing down the oven or otherwiseimpairing the the same. The removal of the inner lining D will leave theoven with the outer lining E and it will be appreciated that suchremoval of lining D will prolong the usefulness of the oven as a wholewithout diminishing the efficiency of the same.

About the proportional distance illustrated above the furnace O andcombustion chamber F is arranged the baking chamber G which, bypreference, has its mouth h arranged below and slightly rearward of avapor flue i. The baking chamber G has a bottom wall 7c of fire-clay orthe like, and below this wall 7c and in a dead-air chamber H above thefurnace O and combustion chamber F is a wall I having dependingtransverse portions J at intervals in its length. These dependingtransverse portions J form heat traps K which assist the disseminationof heat under the baking surface and assure said surface being uniformlyheated with the result that there is no liability of bread or othersubstance located on the center of the surface being burned.

The top of the baking chamber G is preferably formed by a wall Lcomprising transverse rails m and sections a, of fire-clay or analogousmaterial, carried by said rails g and E, also of lire-clay or otherrefractory or iiretends down to the bottom of the ash-pit B IOO lIO

above said wall L is a plurality of longitudinal flues M, and twocross-flues N N, whichis also a cooling flue R leading from the bakf ingchamber Gr, Which cooling flue is controlled by a damper S.

From the foregoing it will be understood that the products of combustionwill pass from the furnace C and combustion chamber F through openings rand s, respectively, into the longitudinal flues P, and from the latterwill pass upward through the upright iiues P3 to the cross flue N. Fromthis latter iue N the products of combustion will pass through thelongitudinal fines M and the cross flue N to the chimney or uptake T isthe masonry portion of the oven and' U is the usual filling ofrefractory material arranged in the top of the masonry portion.

The general operation of my novel bakers oven is similar to that of anordinary bakers oven andneed not therefore be described in detail.

It will be gathered from the foregoing that While my improvementscontribute considerably to the durability and efficiency of a bakersoven they do not materially increase the cost ofthe same.

The construction herein shown and described constitutes the preferredembodiment of my invention, but I desire it understood that such changesin the form, construction and relative arrangement of parts may be madein practice as fairly fall within the scope of the appended claims,without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having described my invention, what I The cross flue N is connected inthe.

claim and desire to secure by Letters-Patent, is:

1. A bakers oven comprising a baking chamber, a furnace or fire-boxarranged under the baking chamber, and a combustion chamber extendingrearward. from the fur nace or fire-box and also arranged under thebaking chamber the said furnace or vlire-box being provided. with anouter 'lire-resisting lining and an inner fire-resisting lining whichinner lining is independent of the outer lining and is arranged to beremoved without detriment to the latter and without affecting theoperation of the oven.

2. A bakers oven comprising a furnace or fire-box, an ash-pit disposedbelow said furnace or fire-box, a comlnistion chamber eX- tendingrearward from the furnace or lirebox, an outer lining` of fire-resistingmaterial extending over, under and at the sides of the combustionchamber and also extending above and down at the sides of the furnace orlire-box and the ash-pit and having shoulders at opposite sides of thefurnace or tirebox, and an independent inner lining of -lireresistingmaterial resting on the shoulders of the outer lining and. independentof said outer lining.

3. The combination in a bakers oven, of a furnace or fire-box, acombustion chamber extending rearward from said furnace or 'lirebox, abaking chamber disposed above the furnace and combustion ch amber, aclosed or dead-air chamber intermediate the furnace and combustionchamber and the baking chamber, and transverse portions depending fromthe upper wall of the closed or deaulfair chamber at intervals in thelength of said wall, and serving to form heat traps.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

ILLIAM TANK.

Witnesses:

A. Rrrrnn, lGEO. A. DARBY.

